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1 Installation Instructions |
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2 ************************* |
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3 |
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4 Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, |
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5 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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6 |
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7 This file is free documentation; the Free Software Foundation gives |
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8 unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it. |
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9 |
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10 Basic Installation |
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11 ================== |
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12 |
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13 Briefly, the shell commands `./configure; make; make install' should |
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14 configure, build, and install this package. The following |
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15 more-detailed instructions are generic; see the `README' file for |
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16 instructions specific to this package. |
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17 |
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18 The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for |
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19 various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses |
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20 those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package. |
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21 It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent |
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22 definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that |
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23 you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, and a |
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24 file `config.log' containing compiler output (useful mainly for |
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25 debugging `configure'). |
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26 |
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27 It can also use an optional file (typically called `config.cache' |
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28 and enabled with `--cache-file=config.cache' or simply `-C') that saves |
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29 the results of its tests to speed up reconfiguring. Caching is |
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30 disabled by default to prevent problems with accidental use of stale |
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31 cache files. |
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32 |
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33 If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try |
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34 to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail |
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35 diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can |
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36 be considered for the next release. If you are using the cache, and at |
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37 some point `config.cache' contains results you don't want to keep, you |
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38 may remove or edit it. |
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39 |
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40 The file `configure.ac' (or `configure.in') is used to create |
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41 `configure' by a program called `autoconf'. You need `configure.ac' if |
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42 you want to change it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version |
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43 of `autoconf'. |
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44 |
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45 The simplest way to compile this package is: |
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46 |
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47 1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type |
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48 `./configure' to configure the package for your system. |
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49 |
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50 Running `configure' might take a while. While running, it prints |
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51 some messages telling which features it is checking for. |
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52 |
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53 2. Type `make' to compile the package. |
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54 |
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55 3. Optionally, type `make check' to run any self-tests that come with |
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56 the package. |
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57 |
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58 4. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and |
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59 documentation. |
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60 |
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61 5. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the |
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62 source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the |
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63 files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for |
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64 a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'. There is |
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65 also a `make maintainer-clean' target, but that is intended mainly |
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66 for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get |
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67 all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came |
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68 with the distribution. |
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69 |
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70 6. Often, you can also type `make uninstall' to remove the installed |
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71 files again. |
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72 |
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73 Compilers and Options |
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74 ===================== |
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75 |
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76 Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that |
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77 the `configure' script does not know about. Run `./configure --help' |
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78 for details on some of the pertinent environment variables. |
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79 |
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80 You can give `configure' initial values for configuration parameters |
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81 by setting variables in the command line or in the environment. Here |
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82 is an example: |
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83 |
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84 ./configure CC=c99 CFLAGS=-g LIBS=-lposix |
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85 |
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86 *Note Defining Variables::, for more details. |
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87 |
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88 Compiling For Multiple Architectures |
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89 ==================================== |
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90 |
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91 You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the |
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92 same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their |
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93 own directory. To do this, you can use GNU `make'. `cd' to the |
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94 directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run |
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95 the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the |
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96 source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'. |
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97 |
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98 With a non-GNU `make', it is safer to compile the package for one |
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99 architecture at a time in the source code directory. After you have |
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100 installed the package for one architecture, use `make distclean' before |
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101 reconfiguring for another architecture. |
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102 |
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103 On MacOS X 10.5 and later systems, you can create libraries and |
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104 executables that work on multiple system types--known as "fat" or |
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105 "universal" binaries--by specifying multiple `-arch' options to the |
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106 compiler but only a single `-arch' option to the preprocessor. Like |
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107 this: |
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108 |
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109 ./configure CC="gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \ |
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110 CXX="g++ -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \ |
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111 CPP="gcc -E" CXXCPP="g++ -E" |
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112 |
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113 This is not guaranteed to produce working output in all cases, you |
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114 may have to build one architecture at a time and combine the results |
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115 using the `lipo' tool if you have problems. |
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116 |
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117 Installation Names |
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118 ================== |
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119 |
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120 By default, `make install' installs the package's commands under |
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121 `/usr/local/bin', include files under `/usr/local/include', etc. You |
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122 can specify an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving |
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123 `configure' the option `--prefix=PREFIX'. |
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124 |
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125 You can specify separate installation prefixes for |
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126 architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you |
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127 pass the option `--exec-prefix=PREFIX' to `configure', the package uses |
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128 PREFIX as the prefix for installing programs and libraries. |
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129 Documentation and other data files still use the regular prefix. |
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130 |
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131 In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give |
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132 options like `--bindir=DIR' to specify different values for particular |
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133 kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories |
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134 you can set and what kinds of files go in them. |
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135 |
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136 If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed |
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137 with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the |
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138 option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'. |
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139 |
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140 Optional Features |
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141 ================= |
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142 |
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143 Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to |
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144 `configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package. |
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145 They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE |
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146 is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The |
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147 `README' should mention any `--enable-' and `--with-' options that the |
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148 package recognizes. |
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149 |
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150 For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually |
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151 find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't, |
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152 you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and |
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153 `--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations. |
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154 |
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155 Particular systems |
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156 ================== |
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157 |
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158 On HP-UX, the default C compiler is not ANSI C compatible. If GNU |
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159 CC is not installed, it is recommended to use the following options in |
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160 order to use an ANSI C compiler: |
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161 |
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162 ./configure CC="cc -Ae" |
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163 |
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164 and if that doesn't work, install pre-built binaries of GCC for HP-UX. |
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165 |
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166 On OSF/1 a.k.a. Tru64, some versions of the default C compiler cannot |
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167 parse its `<wchar.h>' header file. The option `-nodtk' can be used as |
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168 a workaround. If GNU CC is not installed, it is therefore recommended |
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169 to try |
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170 |
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171 ./configure CC="cc" |
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172 |
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173 and if that doesn't work, try |
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174 |
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175 ./configure CC="cc -nodtk" |
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176 |
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177 Specifying the System Type |
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178 ========================== |
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179 |
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180 There may be some features `configure' cannot figure out |
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181 automatically, but needs to determine by the type of machine the package |
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182 will run on. Usually, assuming the package is built to be run on the |
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183 _same_ architectures, `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints |
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184 a message saying it cannot guess the machine type, give it the |
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185 `--build=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system |
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186 type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name which has the form: |
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187 |
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188 CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM |
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189 |
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190 where SYSTEM can have one of these forms: |
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191 |
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192 OS KERNEL-OS |
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193 |
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194 See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If |
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195 `config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't |
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196 need to know the machine type. |
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197 |
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198 If you are _building_ compiler tools for cross-compiling, you should |
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199 use the option `--target=TYPE' to select the type of system they will |
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200 produce code for. |
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201 |
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202 If you want to _use_ a cross compiler, that generates code for a |
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203 platform different from the build platform, you should specify the |
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204 "host" platform (i.e., that on which the generated programs will |
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205 eventually be run) with `--host=TYPE'. |
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206 |
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207 Sharing Defaults |
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208 ================ |
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209 |
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210 If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share, |
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211 you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives |
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212 default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'. |
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213 `configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then |
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214 `PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the |
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215 `CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script. |
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216 A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script. |
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217 |
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218 Defining Variables |
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219 ================== |
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220 |
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221 Variables not defined in a site shell script can be set in the |
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222 environment passed to `configure'. However, some packages may run |
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223 configure again during the build, and the customized values of these |
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224 variables may be lost. In order to avoid this problem, you should set |
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225 them in the `configure' command line, using `VAR=value'. For example: |
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226 |
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227 ./configure CC=/usr/local2/bin/gcc |
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228 |
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229 causes the specified `gcc' to be used as the C compiler (unless it is |
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230 overridden in the site shell script). |
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231 |
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232 Unfortunately, this technique does not work for `CONFIG_SHELL' due to |
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233 an Autoconf bug. Until the bug is fixed you can use this workaround: |
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234 |
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235 CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash /bin/bash ./configure CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash |
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236 |
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237 `configure' Invocation |
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238 ====================== |
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239 |
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240 `configure' recognizes the following options to control how it |
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241 operates. |
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242 |
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243 `--help' |
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244 `-h' |
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245 Print a summary of all of the options to `configure', and exit. |
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246 |
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247 `--help=short' |
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248 `--help=recursive' |
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249 Print a summary of the options unique to this package's |
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250 `configure', and exit. The `short' variant lists options used |
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251 only in the top level, while the `recursive' variant lists options |
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252 also present in any nested packages. |
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253 |
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254 `--version' |
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255 `-V' |
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256 Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure' |
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257 script, and exit. |
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258 |
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259 `--cache-file=FILE' |
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260 Enable the cache: use and save the results of the tests in FILE, |
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261 traditionally `config.cache'. FILE defaults to `/dev/null' to |
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262 disable caching. |
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263 |
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264 `--config-cache' |
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265 `-C' |
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266 Alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'. |
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267 |
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268 `--quiet' |
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269 `--silent' |
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270 `-q' |
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271 Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To |
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272 suppress all normal output, redirect it to `/dev/null' (any error |
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273 messages will still be shown). |
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274 |
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275 `--srcdir=DIR' |
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276 Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually |
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277 `configure' can determine that directory automatically. |
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278 |
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279 `--prefix=DIR' |
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280 Use DIR as the installation prefix. *Note Installation Names:: |
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281 for more details, including other options available for fine-tuning |
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282 the installation locations. |
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283 |
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284 `--no-create' |
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285 `-n' |
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286 Run the configure checks, but stop before creating any output |
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287 files. |
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288 |
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289 `configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options. Run |
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290 `configure --help' for more details. |
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291 |